Question

What is reparation?

Answer 1

Reparation:

1. The mechanisms by which a cell maintains the integrity of its genetic code is known as reparation or DNA repairing.
2. It is a crucial process as this ensures the species stability for future generations since DNA has to be inherited to the offsprings.

Types of reparation:

1. Base excision repair(BER): removal of small non-helix distorting base lesions from genome.
2. Nucleotide excision repair(NER): removal of bulky DNA lesions such as those caused by UV radiations.
3. Mismatch repair(MMR): corrects mismatched nucleotides that are paired otherwise complementary paired in DNA.
4. Homologous recombination (HR): includes invasion of a undamaged DNA molecule by a homologous damaged DNA molecule.
5. Non-homologous end joining(NHEJ): repairing of double strand breaks in DNA.