The term SONAR stands for SOund Navigation And Ranging. It is a device used for measuring distance using ultrasonic waves.
Sound waves of ultrasound frequencies are sent and received over a distance. By calculating the time it takes for sound to travel, they calculate the distance from where the sound got reflected. This technique is also called Echo-ranging.
The sonar technique is used to determine the depth of the sea and to locate underwater hills, valleys, submarine, icebergs, sunken ship etc.