Question

What is speciation? List any two factors responsible for speciation.

Answer 1

Speciation:

Speciation is the process through which new species arise from the existing species.

The two factors that can bring speciation are:

Geographical isolation-

• Reproductive isolation is the prevention of the gene flow among the groups of population separated from each other.
• Geographical isolation is the prevention of the gene flow among the group of population separated by a geographical barrier such as mountain or a river.
• The interbreeding between the members of the population gets affected leading to the evolution of new species on both the sides of geographical barrier.

Natural selection-

• Natural selection is the process through which nature selects the reproductively fit individual over other individuals.
• These reproductively fit individual organism is selected because they are a better fit in the environment and can produce more progeny.