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Question

What is speciation? List any two factors responsible for speciation.


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Solution

Speciation:

Speciation is the process through which new species arise from the existing species.

The two factors that can bring speciation are:

Geographical isolation-

  • Reproductive isolation is the prevention of the gene flow among the groups of population separated from each other.
  • Geographical isolation is the prevention of the gene flow among the group of population separated by a geographical barrier such as mountain or a river.
  • The interbreeding between the members of the population gets affected leading to the evolution of new species on both the sides of geographical barrier.

Natural selection-

  • Natural selection is the process through which nature selects the reproductively fit individual over other individuals.
  • These reproductively fit individual organism is selected because they are a better fit in the environment and can produce more progeny.

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