Question

What is the chromosomal theory of inheritance?

Answer 1

In 1902, Theodor Boveri observed that proper embryonic development of sea urchins does not occur unless chromosomes are present. That same year, Walter Sutton observed the separation of chromosomes into daughter cells during meiosis. Together, these observations led to the development of the Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance, which identified chromosomes as the genetic material responsible for Mendelian inheritance.The Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance was consistent with Mendel's laws and was supported by the following observations:
a) During meiosis, homologous chromosome pairs migrate as discrete structures that are independent of other chromosome pairs.
b) The sorting of chromosomes from each homologous pair into pre-gametes appears to be random.
c) Each parent synthesizes gametes that contain only half of their chromosomal complement.
d) Even though male and female gametes (sperm and egg) differ in size and morphology, they have the same number of chromosomes, suggesting equal genetic contributions from each parent.