Question

What is the difference between ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{2+}$and ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$?

Answer 1

${\mathbf{Fe}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{+}}$	${\mathbf{Fe}}^{\mathbf{3}\mathbf{+}}$
Iron$\left(\mathrm{Fe}\right)$ loses its two electrons from the valence shell to form ${\mathbf{Fe}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{+}}$and hence showing +2 Oxidation state.	Iron$\left(\mathrm{Fe}\right)$ loses its two electrons from the valence shell to form${\mathbf{Fe}}^{\mathbf{3}\mathbf{+}}$ and hence showing +3 Oxidation state.
The ion formed is called Ferrous ion.	The ion formed is called a Ferric ion.
Usually, they are paramagnetic in nature but all the electrons are paired in low spin complexes which may show diamagnetic behavior.	They always show the paramagnetic behavior because of lone pair of electrons
The general electronic configuration: $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{d}}^6$	The general electronic configuration: $1{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{s}}^{2}2{\mathrm{p}}^{6}3{\mathrm{s}}^{2}3{\mathrm{d}}^5$
They are unstable in nature.	Due to its half-filled subshell it is more stable, than ${\mathbf{Fe}}^{\mathbf{2}\mathbf{+}}$
Ferrous ion is of green color solution and turns to violet color when mixed with water.$\left({\mathrm{FeSO}}_4.7H_{2}O\right)$.	Ferric ions contain yellow brown solution $\mathbf{(}{\mathbf{FeCl}}_{\mathbf{3}}\mathbf{.}\mathbf{6}{\mathbf{H}}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{O}\mathbf{)}$.