Question

What is the difference between repolarization depolarization and hyperpolarizing

Answer 1

Hyperpolarization is when the membrane potential becomes more negative at a particular spot on the neuron’s membrane, while depolarization is when the membrane potential becomes less negative (more positive). Depolarization and hyperpolarization occur when ion channels in the membrane open or close, altering the ability of particular types of ions to enter or exit the cell. For example:

• The opening of channels that let positive ions flow out of the cell (or negative ions flow in) can cause hyperpolarization. Examples: Opening of channels that let K+ out of the cell or Cl − into the cell.
• The opening of channels that let positive ions flow into the cell can cause depolarization. Example: Opening of channels that let Na + into the cell.

The opening and closing of these channels may depend on the binding of signalling molecules such as neurotransmitters (ligand-gated ion channels), or on the voltage across the membrane (voltage-gated ion channels).
Repolarization refers to the change in membrane potential that returns it to a negative value just after the depolarization phase of an action potential has changed the membrane potential to a positive value.