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Question

What is the difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation?


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Solution

The difference between simple distillation and fractional distillation.

Simple distillationFractional distillation
  • Simple distillation involved heating the liquid mixture to the boiling point and immediately condensing the resulting vapors.
  • The process of separation of two or more miscible liquids with the difference in their boiling points close to each other into individual components by distillation is called fractional distillation.
  • Simple distillation is used to separate a mixture of miscible liquids with sufficiently large differences in their boiling points.
  • Fractional distillation is used when the difference in boiling point is quite less.
  • It consists of simple apparatus with two flasks and condenser.
  • It consists of more complex apparatus with a fractionating column.
  • Example: To purify sea water
  • Example: Crude oil refining

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