What is the difference between single displacement and double displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.

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Solution

Single displacement reaction:
A displacement reaction is one wherein the atom or a set of atoms is displaced by another atom in a molecule.
More reactive metal atoms displace the less reactive metal from its compound to form the products.
For example, Iron is more reactive than Copper.
Iron displaces the copper from copper sulphate to form Iron sulphate.
$\underset{I r o n}{F e} (s) + \underset{C o p p e r s u l p h a t e}{C u S O_{4} (a q)} 🡪 \underset{I r o n s u l p h a t e}{F e S O_{4} (a q)} + \underset{C o p p e r}{C u (s)}$
Double displacement reaction:
Those reactions in which two compounds react by an exchange of ions to form two new compounds are called double displacement reactions.
Example: Barium chloride reacts with sodium sulphate to form barium sulphate and sodium chloride.
$\underset{B a r i u m c h l o r i d e}{B a C l_{2} (a q)} + \underset{S o d i u m s u l p h a t e}{N a_{2} S O_{4} (a q)} 🡪 \underset{B a r i u m s u l p h a t e}{B a S O_{4} (s)} + \underset{S o d i u m c h l o r i d e}{2 N a C l (a q)}$

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