What is the difference between structural and stereoisomers?
What is the difference between structural and stereoisomers?
STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM STEREO ISOMERISM 1.Structural isomerism is isomerism in which molecular formulas remain the same but the arrangement of the atoms in different molecules is different. 1. Stereo isomerism is isomerism in which the molecular formula of the molecules are the same but there are differences in the spatial arrangement of the atoms. 2. There are 4 types- chain isomerism, functional isomerism, position isomerism, and ring-chain isomerism.
Chain isomerism- Different root words or parent chains in different isomers.
Functional isomerism- The parent chain is the same but different functional groups are present like aldehyde and ketone are functional isomers.
Position isomerism- The parent chain is the same but the position of the substituents is different.
Ring-chain isomerism- Chain and the ring of the same number of atoms.
2. There are 2 types- geometrical isomerism and optical isomerism
Geometrical isomerism- They have the same number of atoms and bonds but have different spatial arrangements within molecules.i.e., cis and trans.
Optical isomerism-They have shown the different directions of plane-polarized light when passes through plane-polarized light eg. in clockwise or in the anti-clockwise direction.
3. Structural isomerism have different connectivity. 3. Stereoisomerism have same connectivity but different spacial arrangements.
| STRUCTURAL ISOMERISM | STEREO ISOMERISM |
| 1.Structural isomerism is isomerism in which molecular formulas remain the same but the arrangement of the atoms in different molecules is different. | 1. Stereo isomerism is isomerism in which the molecular formula of the molecules are the same but there are differences in the spatial arrangement of the atoms. |
2. There are 4 types- chain isomerism, functional isomerism, position isomerism, and ring-chain isomerism. Chain isomerism- Different root words or parent chains in different isomers. Functional isomerism- The parent chain is the same but different functional groups are present like aldehyde and ketone are functional isomers. Position isomerism- The parent chain is the same but the position of the substituents is different. Ring-chain isomerism- Chain and the ring of the same number of atoms. | 2. There are 2 types- geometrical isomerism and optical isomerism Geometrical isomerism- They have the same number of atoms and bonds but have different spatial arrangements within molecules.i.e., cis and trans. Optical isomerism-They have shown the different directions of plane-polarized light when passes through plane-polarized light eg. in clockwise or in the anti-clockwise direction. |
| 3. Structural isomerism have different connectivity. | 3. Stereoisomerism have same connectivity but different spacial arrangements. |
