What is the effect of temperature in the inter-conversion of states of matter?
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Solution
Step-1:
Classification of the matter based on the physical state:
Based on the physical state, all the matter can be classified into three groups namely solid-state, liquid state, and gaseous state or vapor state.
Step-2:
Ways to change the physical state of matter:
We can change the physical state of matter in two ways as follows
By changing the temperature
By changing the pressure
Step-3:
The effect of temperature in the inter-conversion of states of matter:
Temperature is a major factor responsible for causing a change in the state of matter.
On heating a solid substance, the kinetic energy of its constituent particles increases. As a result, the particles start vibrating with greater speed. This extra energy helps the particles overcome the inter-particle forces of attraction.
Soon, they leave their positions and start moving more freely. Consequently, the substance melts and converts into a liquid state.
It has been observed that temperature remains constant until all solid melts into a liquid. The heat supplied is used for changing the solid state into a liquid state by overcoming the inter-particle attraction force.
Thus the solid substance absorbs heat energy without showing any rise in temperature. Similarly, when the liquid substance is heated, the kinetic energy of its constituent particles increases, and due to this, the particles start vibrating with greater speed.
This extra energy helps the particles to overcome the inter-particle forces of attraction. Soon they start to move more freely. Consequently, the liquid state gets converted into the gaseous state.
