The correct option is D Tubectomy
The picture shows the female reproductive organ where surgical sterilisation called tubectomy has been performed. Among the different contraception, tubectomy is a sterilisation method in which a small portion of the fallopian tube is cut and removed and the rest of the part is clipped or tied up to block the passage of the egg into the uterus.
Ovarian cancers are the cancerous growth that begins in the female ovaries. When the cells of the ovarian epithelium start to divide and multiply in an uncontrolled manner and begin invading nearby cells then it is called ovarian cancer. Ovarian cancer is the fifth most common cause of cancer-related deaths.
In normal fertilisation, the fertilised embryo gets finally implanted in the uterus of the mother. But sometimes, the developing embryo gets implanted and grows outside the main cavity of the uterus, which is called an ectopic pregnancy. Most ectopic pregnancies occur in the fallopian tube.
Vasectomy is a male surgical method of sterilisation.
It involves a minor surgery wherein the vas deferens or the sperm- duct is cut and ligated. This prevents the sperms from reaching up to the seminal vesicle where secreted semen joins the tube.
Though this results in ejaculation, the ejaculated semen is devoid of any sperms. With no sperms, fertilisation does not take place and hence pregnancy is averted.