The law of inertia is commonly known as Newton's first law.
It states in physics that if a body is at rest or traveling at a constant speed in a straight line, it will remain at rest or continue to move in a straight path at a constant speed until acted upon by a force.
Some examples are when a sudden brake is applied we move forward, and a sudden start of the lift.
Inertia is of three types: the inertia of rest, the inertia of direction, and the inertia of motion.