Question

What is the function of mitochondria?

Answer 1

The mitochondrion is a capsule-like structure which has a double membrane. Its inner membrane is projected into numerous finger-like structures; called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of cellular respiration. After cellular respiration, energy is stored in the form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate); in mitochondria. Mitochondria have their own DNA and ribosomes and hence mitochondria can produce their own protein.
Functions of Mitochondria:
1) Cellular respiration; due to this, mitochondria are also known as the ‘powerhouse of the cell’.
2) Production of heat:Non-shivering thermogenesis
3) Role as independent units within eukaryotic cells:Mitochondria have mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
4) Role in the process of apoptosis: (Programmed cell death)
5) Storage of $C{a}^{2+}$ (calcium) ions