What is the function of RER (rough enoplasmic reticulum)and SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum)?
What is the function of RER (rough enoplasmic reticulum)and SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum)?
Functions of RER
1. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is formed from RER through loss of ribosomes.
2. It possesses ribophorins for holding ribosomes over it.
3. Luminal side of RER possesses enzymes for processing polypeptide synthesized by attached ribosome.
4. RER has a large surface area which provides proper space to ribosomes for their activity without interference from others.
5. Secretory, lysosomal, and membrane proteins formed by ribosomes attached to RER enter its lumen for intracellular and extracellular transport.
6. Zymogens of lysosome enzymes are synthesized by RER.
The function of SER (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
1. Drug detoxification (Metabolism of Xenobiotics): Living beings are exposed to a large number of foreign substances, pollutants, carcinogens, drugs, etc. They are extremely harmful. Two cytochromes located mostly on the smooth membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are known to metabolize them.
2. Ascorbic acid synthesis occurs over SER
3. Retinal pigments are formed from vitamin A over SER in retinal cells.
4. Enzymes located over SER of liver cells take part in the breakdown of glycogen.'
5. SER takes part in fat synthesis inside adipose cells.
6. Sphaerosomes are believed to be formed from SER
7. SER takes part in the synthesis of steroid hormones, e.g., testosterone in the testis, and estrogens in the ovary.
8. Glycosomes or Glycogen storing particles seem to be formed by ER.
Functions of RER
1. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum is formed from RER through loss of ribosomes.
2. It possesses ribophorins for holding ribosomes over it.
3. Luminal side of RER possesses enzymes for processing polypeptide synthesized by attached ribosome.
4. RER has a large surface area which provides proper space to ribosomes for their activity without interference from others.
5. Secretory, lysosomal, and membrane proteins formed by ribosomes attached to RER enter its lumen for intracellular and extracellular transport.
6. Zymogens of lysosome enzymes are synthesized by RER.
The function of SER (Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum)
1. Drug detoxification (Metabolism of Xenobiotics): Living beings are exposed to a large number of foreign substances, pollutants, carcinogens, drugs, etc. They are extremely harmful. Two cytochromes located mostly on the smooth membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are known to metabolize them.
2. Ascorbic acid synthesis occurs over SER
3. Retinal pigments are formed from vitamin A over SER in retinal cells.
4. Enzymes located over SER of liver cells take part in the breakdown of glycogen.'
5. SER takes part in fat synthesis inside adipose cells.
6. Sphaerosomes are believed to be formed from SER
7. SER takes part in the synthesis of steroid hormones, e.g., testosterone in the testis, and estrogens in the ovary.
8. Glycosomes or Glycogen storing particles seem to be formed by ER.
