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Question

What is the hybridization state of carbon in carbon dioxide?


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Solution

Step 1: Hybridization:

  • Hybridization is defined as the process of intermixing of the orbitals of slightly different energies so as to redistribute their energies, resulting in the formation of a new set of orbitals of equivalent energies and shape.”

Step 2: Formula used for calculation:

  • Stericnumber=12V+M-C+A
  • Where V is the number of valence electrons, M is the monovalent electron, C is the positive charge and A represents the negative charge.

Step 3: Calculation for Hybridisation and shape of CO2:

  • The total number of valence electrons in CO2 is 4 and there is 0 monovalent atom.
  • Stericnumber=124=2
  • The steric number is 2, thus the hybridization of CO2 is sp.
  • The hybridization state of carbon in CO2 is sp hybridized.
  • The two sp hybridized orbitals of the carbon atom overlap with two p orbitals of the oxygen atom to form two sigma σ bonds while the other two electrons of carbon are involved in π-π bonding with the oxygen atom.
  • Carbon dioxide has a linear geometry.
CO2 Lewis Structure, - Drawing Method of CO2 Lewis Structure, Molecular  Geometry of CO2, Polarity and Hybridisation in CO2 molecule, with FAQs

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