Solid vanaspati is obtained by passing hydrogen gas through the oil in the presence of nickel as a catalyst. this process is called hydrogenation.
Oil is a liquid because it is an unsaturated compound. on passing hydrogen, we get a saturated compound that is solid and gives a better taste.
It is a process in which the addition of hydrogen to a liquid fat such as vegetable oil takes place, in order to turn it into solid fat at room temperature
Hydrogenation of oil is done by manufactures to increase the shelf life and save cost.