Dear Student,
1. a . The latitudinal extent of the Indian mainland is 8°4'N and 37°6'N.
b. The longitudinal extent is that of 68°7'E and 97°25'E.
c. The difference between the latitudinal and longitudinal extent is about 30°.
2. a. India has chosen 82 30' as standard meridian and has taken its local time as the standard time of the country.
b. This has enabled uniformity in the time in the entire country.
c. It enables people to have same working hours, with whole country operating at the same time.
d. It is convenient as one need not set the time while travelling in the same country.
Regards