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Aufbau Principle

What is the l...

Question

What is the lowest energy state of an atom called?

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Solution

The lowest energy level of a system is called its ground state higher energy levels are called excited states.

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DEFINITION VALID FOR SINGLE ELECTRON SYSTEM:
Ground state: Lowest energy state of any atom or ion is called ground state of the atom. It is n

=

1.
Excited energy (IE): Minimum energy required to move an electron from ground state to n

= \infty

is called ionisation energy of the atom or ion.
Ionisation Potential (I.P): Potential difference through which a free electron must be accelerated from rest, such that its kinetic energy becomes equal to ionisation energy of the atom is called ionisation potential of the atom.
Excitation Energy: Energy required to move an electron from ground state of the atom to any other state of the atom is called excitation energy of that state.
Excitation Potential: Potential difference through which an electron must be accelerated from rest to so that its kinetic energy become equal to excitation energy of any state is called excitation potential of that state.
Binding Energy 'or' Separation Energy: Energy required to move an electron from any state to n=

\infty

is called binding energy of the state.
The wavelength of the photon emitted upon an electronic transition from

n_{2}

n_{1}

orbit in a H-like species is given by the formula:

\frac{1}{λ} = R Z^{2} (\frac{1}{n_{1}^{2}} - \frac{1}{n_{2}^{2}})

Now answer the following question:

If the binding energy of II excited state of a H-like species is 13.6 eV then:

Q. What is the number of unpaired electrons in a manganese atom (

Z = 25

) in its lowest energy states?

The energy required to remove electron from an atom in gaseous state is called?

The energy required to remove an electron of a gaseous atom from its ground state is called

Q. State whether true or false:

The highest occupied energy band is called the valence band and the lowest unoccupied energy band is called the conduction band.

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