What is the most suitable catalyst for reducing vinyl cyanide $(C H = C H C N)$ to propanenitrile?

H_{2} / N i

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H_{2} / P t

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(P h_{3} P)_{3} R h C l

(Wilkinson's catalyst)

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L i A l H_{4}

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Solution

The correct option is C $(P h_{3} P)_{3} R h C l$ (Wilkinson's catalyst)
Wilkinson's catalyst catalyzes the hydrogenation of alkenes.
The mechanism of this reaction involves the initial dissociation of one or two $t r i p h e n y l p h o s p h i n e$ ligands to give $14 -$ or $12 - e l e c t r o n$ complexes, respectively, followed by oxidative addition of $H_{2}$ to the metal. Subsequent π-complexation of an alkene, intramolecular hydride transfer (olefin insertion), and reductive elimination results in extrusion of the alkane product.
Here vinyl cyanide undergoes hydrogenation to form propanenitrile using Wilkinson' catalyst.

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C H_{2} = C H - C H O \to C H_{2} = C H - C H_{2} O H

N i / H_{2}

Wilkinson's catalyst $[R h (P h_{3} P)_{3} C l]$ is used for:

H_{2}

R h (Z = 45)

T_{2 g}^{2, 2, 2}, e_{9}^{10, 10}

[R h C l (P P h_{3})_{3}]

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