Whole numbers are: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, ......... so on
=> First five whole numbers are: 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4
=> Sum of first five whole numbers = 0 + 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
Multiplicative identity is a number which when multiplied with the given number, the given number remains unchanged.
Therefore, the multiplicative identity of 10 is nothing but '1' because when 1 is multiplied with 10, the number 10 remains unchanged.