What is the necessary condition for halogenation in benzene?
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Solution
Necessary conditions for halogenation in benzene:
Benzene reacts with halogens such as bromine/chlorine in an electrophilic substitution reaction only in the presence of a catalyst that is Ferric chloride .
Iron is not a catalyst so it reacts with bromine or chlorine depending upon the reaction and leads to the formation of Ferric bromide or Ferric chloride respectively.
Iron is used as a catalyst in halogenation reactions as it is cheaper and readily available.
Halogenation reaction is depicted below:
Benzene reacts with halogens such as bromine/chlorine in an electrophilic substitution reaction only in the presence of a catalyst that is Ferric chloride it yields chlorobenzene and hydrochloric acid.
The chemical reaction for chlorination can be depicted as: