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Modern Periodic Table

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Question

What is the reason for the different atomic masses of the isotopes of an element ?

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Solution

It has been found that, in nature, atoms of certain elements might have the same number of protons i.e., same atomic number but different mass numbers. This difference in the masses of isotopes of an element is due to difference in the number of neutrons in their nuclei.

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Q. Assertion :The mass spectrometer is used for determination of the atomic mass of isotopes.
Reason: Isotopes are the atoms of the same element having a same atomic number but different mass numbers.

Q. What is the reason for the slightly different physical properties of all the isotopes of an element ?

Isotopes are the atoms of the same element; they have the same atomic number but different mass numbers. Isotopes have a different number of neutrons in their nucleus. If an element exists in two isotopes having atomic masses 'a' and 'b' in the ratio m: n, then average atomic mass will

\frac{m \times a + n \times b}{m + n}

Different isotopes of the same element have the same position in the periodic table. The elements which have single isotope are called monoisotopic elements. Greater is the percentage composition of an isotope, more will be its abundance in nature.

Answer the following questions:

The ratio of the mass of

^{12} C

atom to that of an atom of element= X (whose atomicity is four) is 1:9. The molecular mass element X is:

Q. The average atomic mass of an element is calculated by its isotopic percentage but what if the average atomic mass is given and we have to find the percentage of a isotopes??
eg:- average atomic mass of an element exist 16.2 u. What is the percentage of isotopes
16. . 18
. X. X
8. 8

Q. Which of the following are characteristics of isotopes of an element?

(i)

Isotopes of an element have the same atomic masses.

(i i)

Isotopes of an element have the same atomic number.

(i i i)

Isotopes of an element show the same physical properties.

(i v)

Isotopes of an element show the same chemical properties.

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