What is the role of nutrient-sensing systems in the growth of cells?

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Solution

Nutrient-sensing systems:
Nutrient sensors play an essential role in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating downstream metabolic processes.
Cells monitor the levels of the many types of nutrients in the environment and adjust their metabolism leading to changes in growth rate.
Nutrient-sensing systems are specifically essential to regulate the growth of unicellular entities like yeast, which experience marked changes in external nutrient concentrations.
Acute nutrient responses are less necessary for cells in multicellular animals, in which extracellular nutrient concentrations tend to be kept constant by physiological mechanisms. In this case, growth is governed primarily by extracellular growth factors.

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