What is the dipole-dipole force?
Dipole-dipole force:
Factor affecting Dipole-dipole force:
Polarity: The higher the polarity of a bond, stronger will be the dipole-dipole interaction.
Oreintation: The dipole-dipole interaction depends on the orientation. For example, gas-phase molecules are freely rotating so there is a weak interaction between the molecules whereas solid-phase molecules have uniformly arranged so the interaction between the molecules is strong.
Distance between the polar molecules: In stationary polar molecule, dipole-dipole interaction energy is inversely proportional to its , while a rotating polar molecule is inversly proportional to its , where r indicates the distance between the polar molecules.