The process by which traits and qualities are passed from parents to their offspring before the offspring are born is known as heredity.
Genetics is the study of heredity.
Gregor Mendel's work in the middle of the 19th century is where genetics got its start. Mendel had proposed that characteristics were passed down as distinct units of inheritance.
Mendel's contribution to genetics, which had only begun with an experiment based on the inheritance patterns of specific features in pea plants, is therefore responsible for the genetic study that is being done today.
The fundamental concepts of contemporary genetics continue to be trait and molecular inheritance processes of genes.