What is time constant? What is its physical significance? What should be its value for getting maximun efficiency out of the rectifier? And is it important to mention about it while answering a question on rectifier?

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Dear Student ,

$T h e t i m e c o n s \tan t, u s u a l l y d e n o t e d b y t h e G r e e k l e t t e r τ (t a u), i s t h e p a r a m e t e r c h a r a c t e r i z i n g t h e r e s p o n s e t o a s t e p i n p u t o f a f i r s t - o r d e r, l i n e a r t i m e - i n v a r i a n t (L T I) s y s t e m . T h e t i m e c o n s \tan t i s t h e m a i n c h a r a c t e r i s t i c u n i t o f a f i r s t - o r d e r L T I (l i n e a r t i m e - i n v a r i a n t) s y s t e m . P h y s i c a l s i g n i f i c a n c e i s C h a r g i n g o f t h e c a p a c i t o r i n R C c i r c u i t i n c r e a s e s o r d e c r e a s e s e x p o n e n t i a l l y t h e r e f o r e t i m e c o n s \tan t o f t h e R C c i r c u i t i s t h e t i m e r e q u i r e d t o c h a r g e t h e c a p a c i t o r b y 63.2 % o f t h e d i f f e r e n c e b e t w e e n t h e i n i t i a l a n d f i n a l v a l u e o f t h e c h a r g e . T h e m a x i m u m e f f i c i e n c y o f a f u l l w a v e r e c t i f i e r i s 81.2 % . T h e m a x i m u m e f f i c i e n c y o f a h a l f w a v e r e c t i f i e r i s 40.6 % a n d t h e d o u b l e o f t h a t i s 81.2 %, w h i c h i s o f a f u l l w a v e r e c t i f i e r .$

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