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Ribosomes of Eukaryotic Cell

What is true ...

Question

What is true about ribosomes?

A

These are found only in eukaryotic cells

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B

These are self -splicing introns of some RNAs.

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C

The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80 S, where 'S' stands for sedimentation coefficient.

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D

There are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins

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Solution

The correct option is D There are composed of ribonucleic acid and proteins
Ribosomes are non-membranous organelles that are found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. They comprise of an RNA component as well as a protein component.
"These are found only in eukaryotic cells " is incorrect, since they are found in both prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic cells.
"These are self-splicing introns of some RNAs. " is incorrect, since self-splicing introns are ribozymes.
"The prokaryotic ribosomes are 80 S, where 'S' stands for sedimentation coefficient." is incorrect, since prokaryotic ribosomes are 70S, where S stands for Svedberg unit.

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Q. Ribosomes are found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Q. Several antibiotics exert their action by targeting the unique protein synthesis processes in bacteria. They exploit the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation mechanisms to selectively inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria without affecting the eukaryotic host.
Ribosomes are a specific target of some antibiotics since there is a significant difference in size and structure between eukaryotic and prokaryotic ribosomes: eukaryotic ribosomes consist of a 60S subunit and a 40S subunit, whereas prokaryotic ribosomes are composed of 30S and 40S subunits.
Tetracycline is a common antibiotic that works at the level of protein synthesis in bacteria.
Which of the following provides the best explanation for the effectiveness of Tetracycline as an antibiotic in eukaryotic cells?

Read the passage and answer the following question.

Ribosomes are the smallest cell organelles which can be seen only through an electron microscope. They are found in both prokaryotic as well as eukaryotic cells. Ribosomes are dense, round bodies which occur freely in the cytoplasm and may remain attached to the surface of the endoplasmic reticulum. Chemically, ribosomes are made up of ribonucleoprotein (in eukaryotic cells, the constituent of the ribosome is 40% protein and 60% ribosomal RNA). Ribosomes help in the process of protein synthesis. They are, therefore, called as the protein factories of the cell.

Ribosomes are found in

Q. Assertion: Eukaryotic hnRNA contains introns that are removed during RNA processing
Reason: Splicing of exons suggests the dominance of the RNA world

Q. Which of these statements is/are true?

(i) The surface area available for cellular functions in a prokaryotic cell is less than that in a eukaryotic cell.
(ii) The total genome size of a prokaryotic cell is always less than that of a eukaryotic cell.
(iii) Unlike eukaryotes, no special respiratory organelles are found in prokaryotes. Hence they respire at a much less rate than eukaryotes.
(iv) Eukaryotic cells show various membrane-bound organelles such as chloroplasts and nucleus while ribosomes are the only membrane-bound organelles found in prokaryotes.

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