Buffer solutions can be defined as a solution that can resist change, when a small amount of acid or base is added to them.
They are used as a means of keeping nearly constant in a wide variety of chemical applications.
There are two types of buffer solutions:
(A) Acidic Buffer: A buffer solution that is made up of a weak acid and its salt with a strong base, and the buffer solution has a value of less than .
Examples: Acetic acid and Sodium acetate .
(B) Basic Buffer. A buffer solution is made up of a weak base and its salt with a strong acid, and the buffer solution has a value of more than .
Examples: Ammonium hydroxide and Ammonium chloride .