What relationships will be established to study?
(a) Inventory Turnover
(b) Debtor Turnover
(c) Payables Turnover
(d) Working Capital Turnover
(a) Inventory Turnover
(b) Debtor Turnover
(c) Payables Turnover
(d) Working Capital Turnover
a. Inventory Turnover Ratio:
This ratio is a relationship between the cost of goods sold during a particular period of time and the cost of average inventory during a particular period. It is expressed in number of times. Stock turnover ratio/Inventory turnover ratio indicates the number of time the stock has been turned over during the period and evaluates the efficiency with which a firm is able to manage its inventory. This ratio indicates whether investment in stock is within proper limit or not. The ratio is calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the amount of average stock at cost. The formula for calculating inventory turnover ratio is as follows:
Inventory Turnover Ratio =Cost of Goods SoldAverage Inventory at Cost
Cost of Goods Sold
= Opening Stock + Purchase + Direct Expenses — Closing Stock
Alternatively, Cost of Goods sold = Net Sales — Gross Profit
Average Inventory = Opening Stock+Closing Stock2
b. Debtor Turnover Ratio:
Debtor turnover ratio or accounts receivable turnover ratio indicates the velocity of debt collection of a firm. In simple words it indicates the number of times average debtors (receivable) are turned over during a year.
The formula for calculating Debtors turnover ratio is as follows
Debtors Turnover Ratio
= Net Credit Sales/Average Trade Debtors
c. Creditors/Payables Turnover Ratio:
It compares creditors with the total credit purchases. It signifies the credit period enjoyed by the firm in paying creditors. Accounts payable include both sundry creditors and bills payable. Same as debtor's turnover ratio, creditor's turnover ratio can be calculated in two forms, creditors’ turnover ratio and average payment period.
The following formula is used to calculate the creditors turnover ratio.
Creditors Turnover Ratio
= Credit Purchase/Average Trade Credivors
d. Working Capital Turnover Ratio:
Working capital turnover ratio indicates the velocity of the utilization of net working capital. This ratio represents the number of times the working capital is turned over in a year and is calculated as follows.
Working Capital Turnover Ratio
= Cost of Sales/Net Working Capital
a. Inventory Turnover Ratio:
This ratio is a relationship between the cost of goods sold during a particular period of time and the cost of average inventory during a particular period. It is expressed in number of times. Stock turnover ratio/Inventory turnover ratio indicates the number of time the stock has been turned over during the period and evaluates the efficiency with which a firm is able to manage its inventory. This ratio indicates whether investment in stock is within proper limit or not. The ratio is calculated by dividing the cost of goods sold by the amount of average stock at cost. The formula for calculating inventory turnover ratio is as follows:
Inventory Turnover Ratio =Cost of Goods SoldAverage Inventory at Cost
Cost of Goods Sold
= Opening Stock + Purchase + Direct Expenses — Closing Stock
Alternatively, Cost of Goods sold = Net Sales — Gross Profit
Average Inventory = Opening Stock+Closing Stock2
Debtor turnover ratio or accounts receivable turnover ratio indicates the velocity of debt collection of a firm. In simple words it indicates the number of times average debtors (receivable) are turned over during a year.
The formula for calculating Debtors turnover ratio is as follows
Debtors Turnover Ratio
= Net Credit Sales/Average Trade Debtors
c. Creditors/Payables Turnover Ratio:
It compares creditors with the total credit purchases. It signifies the credit period enjoyed by the firm in paying creditors. Accounts payable include both sundry creditors and bills payable. Same as debtor's turnover ratio, creditor's turnover ratio can be calculated in two forms, creditors’ turnover ratio and average payment period.
The following formula is used to calculate the creditors turnover ratio.
Creditors Turnover Ratio
= Credit Purchase/Average Trade Credivors
d. Working Capital Turnover Ratio:
Working capital turnover ratio indicates the velocity of the utilization of net working capital. This ratio represents the number of times the working capital is turned over in a year and is calculated as follows.
Working Capital Turnover Ratio
= Cost of Sales/Net Working Capital
