Question

What role do free electrons play in the process of conduction?

Answer 1

Free electrons and conduction:

1. Electrons in the valance shell of an atom, generally known as valance shell electrons, are loosely bound with the nucleus of the atom.
2. Because of their weaker interaction, they can move freely within the metal and so are called free electrons.
3. In metals these free electrons are responsible for the conduction of heat and electricity.
4. By the movement of free electrons in metal the conduction of heat and electricity takes place.

Hence, electrons of metal that are free to move at room temperature are called free electrons.