What should one do if he wishes to increase the pitch of a string type instrument.
1. Increase the length of the string used
2. Decrease the gauge of the string used
3. Loosen the string
4. Tighten the string
Thicker, tighter strings, have a more "focussed" sound. They reach their resonant frequency more quickly, because the extra tension leaves them less scope to flap around.
Thicker, tighter strings, plucked the same distance, are louder, because they contain more energy. There is more kinetic energy to be transmitted to the sounding board.