What were the conclusions made by Rutherford regarding the atomic mass?

Mass of the atom is uniformly distributed

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Nucleus of an atom is much lighter than electron

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All the mass of an atom resides at the centre

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Nucleus of an atom is much heavier than the electron

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Solution

The correct options are
C
All the mass of an atom resides at the centre

D
Nucleus of an atom is much heavier than the electron

According to Rutherford experiments, a very small fraction of alpha particles were deflected by 180 degree, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom. This proves that there is a positively charged centre in the atom called nucleus. Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus. It is not uniformly distributed throughout the atom. This also proves that mass of nucleus is much larger than mass of electron.

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What did Rutherford conclude regarding the atomic mass?
(i) Mass of the atom is uniformly distributed.
(ii) Nucleus of an atom is much heavier than electron.
(iii) Nearly all the mass of an atom resides at the centre of an atom.
(iv) Nucleus of an atom is lighter than the electron.

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(a) The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called its ....................

(b) The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called its ....................

(d) An atom of an element has 11 protons, 11 electrons and 12 neutrons. The atomic mass of the atom is ....................

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(f) Almost all the mass of an atom is concentrated in a small region of space called the ....................

(g) Cathode rays are a beam of fast moving ....................

(h) The anode rays obtained from hydrogen gas consist of particles called ....................

(i) The maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in L shell are ....................

(j) The maximum number of electrons that can go into the M shell is ....................

(k) The subatomic particle not present in a hydrogen atom is ....................

(l) The electron has .................... charge, the proton has .................... charge, and the neutron has .................... charge.

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