Question

What were the main causes of the Civil War between the Red Army of the Bolsheviks, the White Army of the pro-Tsarist factions, and other groups like the Green Army?

• A. The redistribution of land by the Bolsheviks
• B. The ideological clash between the Bolshevik and non-Bolshevik principles of socialism
• C. The Bolshevik betrayal of the revolutionary cause, which led to discontentment among peasants and workers
• D. The fear of the spread of communism, harboured by western European countries

Answer 1

Answer: (A), (B), (D)

The fear of the spread of communism, harboured by western European countries

The redistribution of land by the Bolsheviks created massive turmoil across Russia. The supporters of private property took harsh steps against the peasants who had seized land. Meanwhile, western European countries were afraid of the developing socialist tendencies in Russia. They feared this could cause turmoil on their own soil. So, the non-socialist Bolsheviks were indirectly backed by the French, American, German, British, and Japanese troops.

These different factions thus competed to control Russia's future, leading to a full-fledged multi-party Civil War.