What were the similarities observed by Newland when he arranged the elements in order of their increasing atomic weight as an octave in a musical scale?

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Solution

The observation of Newland:
Newland observed that when he arranged elements in order of their increasing atomic weight, every 8th element shows the repetitive property of the first element like the musical notes repeat after every 8th position on an octave of music.
For example:
Li Be B C N O F
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl
K Ca
As we can observe 8th element of Li is Na and it shows the properties of Li.
The time when the Octave rule came into force that time noble gases was not discovered.

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Q. According to Newlands' law of octaves, the elements were arranged in the increasing order of their atomic masses.

Newland proposed Law of octaves by noticing similar properties across 8 elements when arranged in increasing order.

Newland arranged elements in increasing order of atomic weights and noted that every eighth element had properties similar to:

Q. Arrange the following statements in a chronological order.
(a) Some elements be grouped in set of three elements in the increasing order of their atomic weights in which the atomic weight of the middle element was found to be the arithmetic mean of the atomic weights of the other two elements.
(b) The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
(c) The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic weights.
(d) When elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic weights, the eighth element resembles the first in physical and chemical properties just as the eighth note on a musical scale resemble the first one.

Arrange the following statements in chronological order:

1)Some elements be grouped in sets of three elements in the increasing order of their atomic weights in which the atomic weight of the middle element was found to be the arithmetic mean of the atomic weights of the other two elements.

2)The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.

3)The physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic weights.

4)When elements are arranged in the increasing order of their atomic weights, the eighth element resembles the first in physical and chemical properties just as the eighth note on a musical scale resembles the first one.

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