Question

What will happen if one kidney is removed from the body of a human being?

• A. Death due to poisoning
• B. Uremia and Coma
• C. Nothing happens and the person will survive and remain normal. The remaining kidney will become hypertrophied.
• D. Stoppage of urination.

Answer 1

The correct option is

D. Nothing happens and the person will survive and remain normal. The remaining kidney will become hypertrophied.

Option (D):

1. When a kidney is removed, the living donor loses 50% of her/his nephrons.
   
2. Removal of one kidney leads to compensatory hypertrophy of the other, whose weight rises to about 70% of the combined weight of the two control kidneys.
3. But the person will remain normal as it is possible to survive with a single kidney.
   

Explanation for incorrect options:

Option (A):

Poisoning does not occur due to removal of a kidney as the other one is functioning.

Option (B):​

1. The condition of uremia does not occur as there is a functional kidney.
   
2. So, the chances of reaching a state of coma is practically none. ​

Option (C):

1. Stoppage of urination occurs due to complete loss of both kidneys.
   
2. As there is a single kidney present, it can still produce urine. ​

Final Answer: Nothing happens and the person will survive and remain normal. The remaining kidney will become hypertrophied.