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Difference between Heat and Temperature

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Question

What would have happened if the vessel inside a calorimeter was not made of a good conductor of heat and having low specific heat capacity? How will it affect the measurement of temperature by the thermometer?

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Solution

Dear student,

If the vessel inside the calorimeter is not a good conductor, the heat of the sample will not be transferred to water where the measurement of the temperature takes place. Also, if the specific heat capacity of the vessel is low, the sensitivity of the measurement of heat will be affected and hence the measurement will not be accurate.

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Q. Generally, good conductors have low specific heat capacity. True/False? Justify your answer.

50 g m

10^{0} C

20 g m

100^{0} C .

When the mixture finally reaches its steady state inside a calorimeter of water equivalent

1.5 g m

then : [Assume calorimeter was initially at

0^{0} C,

Take latent heat of vaporization of water

= 540

cal/gm, Latent heat of fusion of water

= 80

cal/gm, specific heat capacity of water

= 1 c a l / g m -^{0} C,

specific heat capacity of ice

= {0.5 cal/ gm}^{0} C

]

Q. A calorimeter has mass

100 g

and specific heat

0.1 k c a l / k g^{\circ} C

250 g m

30^{\circ} C

having specific heat of

0.4 k c a l / k g^{\circ} C

. If we drop a piece of ice of mass

10 g

0^{\circ} C

. What will be the temperature of the mixture?

Q. A copper calorimeter of mass

100 g m

200 g m

of a mixture of ice and water. Steam at

100^{\circ} C

under normal pressure is passed into the calorimeter and the temperature of the mixture is allowed to rise to

50^{\circ} C

. If the mass of the calorimeter and its contents is now

330 g m

, what was the ratio of ice and water in the beginning? Neglect heat losses.
Given: Specific heat capacity of copper

= 0.42 \times 10^{3} J k g^{- 1} K^{- 1}

,
Specfic heat capacity of water

= 4.2 \times 10^{3} J k g^{- 1} K^{- 1}

Specific heat of fusion of ice

= 3.36 \times 10^{5} J k g^{- 1}

Latent heat of condensation of steam

= 22.5 \times 10^{5} J k g^{- 1}

Q. Write brief answers.
a. Describe a clinical thermometer. How does it differ from the thermometer used in laboratory?

b. What is the difference between heat and temperature ? what are their units.

c. Explain the construction of a calorimeter. Draw the necessary figure.

d. Explain why rails have gaps at specific distances.

e. Explain with the help of formulae the expansion coefficients of liquid and gas.

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