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Question

When a liquid and its vapours are at equilibrium and the pressure is suddenly decreased, cooling occurs.
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Solution

When a liquid and its vapors are at equilibrium and the pressure is suddenly decreased, cooling occurs.
liquidvapor
When the pressure is suddenly decreased, the equilibrium will shift to right so as to nullify the effect of decreased pressure. Thus, more liquid evaporates to form vapor. Evaporation is an endothermic process. Heat is absorbed in the process. This results in cooling.

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