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Substitution

When a mixtuz...

Question

When a mixtuze of gases X and Y is compressed to 300 atm pressure and then passed over a catalyst consisting of a mixture of zine oxide and chromium oxide (heated to a temperature of $300^{o} C$ ), then an organic compound Z having the molecular formula $C H_{4} O$ is formed. X is a highly poisonous gas which is formed in appreciable amounts when a fuel burs in a limited supply of air ; Y is a gas which can be made by the action of a dilute acid on an acitve metal ; and Z is a liquid organic compound which can react with sodium metal to produce hydrogen gas.

(a) What are X,Y and Z ?

(b) Write a balanced chemical equation of the reaction which takes place when X and Y combine to form Z. Indicate the conditions under which the reation occurs.

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Solution

(a) X is carbon monoxide gas (CO); Y is hydrogen gas ( $H_{2}$ ) ; Z is methanol (or Methyl alcohol) .

(b)
Carbon monoxide gas reacts with hydrogen gas at elevated temperatures to form methanol according to this equation:

$C O (g) + 2 H_{2} (g) ⇌ C H_{3} O H (g)$

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