When a pencil is placed in a glass of water, it appears to be bent?

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Solution

The pencil appears to be bent when it is kept in a glass tumbler with water due to refraction of light.
The refraction of light occurs when the speed of light changes when it travels from one medium to another.
When a ray of light enter from rarer medium(air) to denser medium(water) then it moves towards the normal, so pencil seems to be bend inside the water.

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