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Neutralisation Reaction

When acids an...

Question

When acids and bases are mixed in water why is there a decrease in the H30+ or OH- ions

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Solution

The concentration of hydronium ions decreases when an acid is diluted because on adding water the H+ ions of the acid and hydroxyl ions of water react to form water molecules and the concentration of hydronium ions decreases.

H+ + H2O →H3O+

H+ + OH- →H2O

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"Mixing an acid or base with water results in decrease in the concentration of ions(H3O/OH-) per unit volume"

Acid when mixed with water gives out H+ ions which because they cannot exist alone form H3O ions. Then how does the concentration 'decrease' ?

Q. Assertion: When water is added to a concentrated acid or base, it might splash out and cause burns.
Reason: When water is added to an acid or a base,

H^{+} a n d O H^{-}

ions are generated, respectively.

N H_{3}

a base? Why or why not?

Q. (a) Define an acid and a base. Give two examples of each.
(b) Give the names and formulae of two strong bases and two weak bases.
(c) What type of ions are formed:
(i) when an acid is dissolved in water?
(ii) when a base (or alkali) is dissolved in water?
(d) Write the neutralisation reaction between acids and bases in terms of the ions involved.
(e) Write any two important uses of bases.

Q. Acids produce

(O H^{-})

ions when dissolved in water.

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