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Dehydration of Alcohols

When ethyl al...

Question

When ethyl alcohol is distilled with bleaching powder and water, chloroform is obtained. The number of moles of bleaching powder needed in the preparation of one mole of chloroform is:

A

10

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B

5

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C

4

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D

2

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Solution

The correct option is A 4
Ethyl alcohol is distilled with bleaching powder and water.

$1. {C a O C l}_{2} + H_{2} O ⟶ C a {(O H)}_{2} + {C l}_{2} [{C l}_{2} + H_{2} O ⟶ 2 H C l + O]$

$2. {C H}_{3} {C H}_{2} O H + [O] ⟶ {C H}_{3} C H O + {C l}_{2}$

$3. {C H}_{3} C H O + {3 C l}_{2} ⟶ {C C l}_{3} C H O + 3 H C l$

${C l}_{2}$ acts both as an oxidizing agent and chlorinating agent ${C C l}_{3} C H O + C a {(O H)}_{2} ⟶ 2 C H {C l}_{2} + {(H C O O)}_{2} + C a$

$3$ moles for chlorination and one for oxidizing agent.
$T o t a l = 4$ moles

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