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Stoichiometry

When liquid ...

Question

When liquid $^{'} A^{'}$ is treated with a freshly prepared ammonical silver nitrate solution, it gives bright silver mirror. The liquid forms a white crystalline soild on treatment with sodium hydrogensulphit. Liquid $^{'} B^{'}$ also forms a white crystalline solid with sodium hydrogensulphite but it does not give test with ammoniacal silver nitrate. Which of the two liquids is aldehyde? Write the chemical equations of these reactions also.

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Solution

Liquid $^{'} B^{'}$ must be ketone because it does not react with ammonical silver nitrate but react with $N a H S O_{3}$ .
Liquid $^{'} A^{'}$ must be Aldehyde because it react with both $N a H S O_{3}$ and ammonical silver nitrate.
$R C H O + 2 [A g (N H_{3})_{2}] N O_{3} + 2 N H_{4} O H ⟶ R C O O H + 2 A g ↓ H_{2} O + 4 N H_{3} + 2 N H_{4} N O_{3}$

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