When the chromosome has a centromere near one end of a chromosome resulting in one shorter and one longer arm, the chromosome is called
Acrocentric
Depending on the position of the centromere, chromosomes are of the following types:
Metacentric chromosome: The centromere is present right in the middle of the chromosome. It forms two equal arms of the chromosome.
Submetacentric chromosome: The centromere is present a little away from the middle of the chromosome. It forms two unequal arms of the chromosome.
Acrocentric chromosome: The centromere is present close to one of the ends of the chromosome. It forms one short and another quite long arm.
Telocentric chromosome: A terminal centromere. There is only one arm of the chromosome with the centromere at the end.