Question

Where can UTRs be seen?

Answer 1

UTR:

1. UTR is an abbreviation of UnTranslated Regions.
2. In mRNA, on both ends of it, mRNA contains UTRs.
3. On both sides of the coding sequence, these UTR sequences are present on mRNA.
4. UTRs can be seen on the 5' and 3' end of mRNA.
5. When UTR is present on the 5' end, it is known as 5' UTR or leader sequence.
6. And when present on 3' end, it is known as 3' UTR or trailer sequence.
7. mRNA is a messenger RNA, which transfers information for Protein synthesis from DNA to the ribosomal site.
8. The sequence of DNA is in the form of codons, which are transcribed to mRNA, and with help of this, Protein synthesis is carried out.
9. Codons are in form of triplets and one triplet of codon codes for one amino acid.
10. And protein is a chain of these amino acids.
11. Different amino acids code for different proteins.
12. Along with 5' and 3' UTR, there are a few other regions that cannot be translated into protein.
13. This is the reason they are called untranslated regions.
14. But even after this, there is An upstream open reading frame (uORF) present at the 5' end which is translated into peptide.

Function of UTRs:

1. 5' UTR helps Ribosomes to recognize the sequence, and start the translation process by binding Ribosomes to mRNA.
2. 3' UTR present after the stop codons on mRNA.
3. As 5' UTR stimulates the initiation of translation, 3' UTR stimulates the Termination of translation.
4. Also, 3' UTR helps in post-translational modifications.