Question

Where can we find Brunner’s glands in the alimentary canal and also match it with its characteristic feature?

• A. Serosa → outermost layer of alimentary canal made up of a thin mesothelium with some connective tissue
• B. Muscularis → it is formed by smooth muscles usually arranged into an inner longitudinal and outer circular layer
• C. Submucosal layer of duodenum → formed of loose connective tissue, containing nerves, blood and lymph vessel
• D. Mucosal layer → It forms rugae in stomach and villi in the small intestine

Answer 1

The correct option is C Submucosal layer of duodenum → formed of loose connective tissue, containing nerves, blood and lymph vessel

Sub-mucosal glands (Brunner’s glands): The submucosal layer is formed of loose connective tissues containing nerves, blood and lymph vessels. In duodenum, glands are also present in sub-mucosa.

The intestinal mucosal epithelium has goblet cells which secrete mucus. The secretions of the brush border cells of the mucosa along with the secretions of the goblet cells constitute the intestinal juice or succusentericus. This juice contains a variety of enzymes like disaccharidase (e.g., maltase), dipeptidases, lipases, nucleosidases, etc. The mucus along with the bicarbonates from the pancreas protects the intestinal mucosa from acid as well as provide an alkaline medium (pH 7.8) for enzymatic activities. Sub-mucosal glands (Brunner’s glands) also help in this.