The zona pellucida is the glycoprotein layer that surrounds the oocyte.
Sperm must penetrate this layer into the cytoplasm of the oocyte and fertilize the oocyte and follicular cells during oogenesis.
Function:
It protects developing oocytes, oocytes, and embryos and regulates the interaction of fertilized and post-fertilized ovulatory oocytes with free-swimming sperm.