Which among the following has lowest vapour pressure?

0.5 M A l_{2} (S O_{4})_{3}

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12 %

Urea solution

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1 M N a C l (a q)

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18 %

Glucose solution

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Solution

The correct option is A $0.5 M A l_{2} (S O_{4})_{3}$
Vapour pressure depends on the concentration of non-volatile solute.
For $A l_{2} (S O_{4})_{3}$ , we need to consider $C \times i$ , where $C = C o n c e n t r a t i o n$
$i = V a n t H o f f F a c t o r$
Hence, for $A l_{2} (S O_{4})_{3}$ , $C \times i = 0.5 \times 5 = 2.5$
For Urea solution, $C = \frac{12 \times 1000}{60 \times 100} = 2 M$
For $N a C l$ solution, $C \times i = 1 \times 2 = 2$
For Glucose solution, $C = \frac{18 \times 1000}{180 \times 100} = 1 M$
Here, concentration of non-volatile solute is maximum for $A l_{2} (S O_{4})_{3}$ . Hence, it will have lowest vapour pressure.

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