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Question

Which among the following is/are the cause(s) of uncertainity when we evaluate probability?

A
Information occurred from unreliable sources
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B
Experimental errors
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C
Equipment fault
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D
Temperature variation
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E
Climate change
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Solution

The correct option is E Climate change
In option (a.), we have "Information occurred from unreliable sources". The information received from unreliable sources can be incorrect sometimes, it is not always correct and this leads to uncertainity.


In option (b.), we have "Experimental errors". The experiment performed may produce the correct result or may produce some error in the result. The result obtained in an experiment sometimes is not accurate and this leads to uncertainity.


In option (c.), we have "Equipment fault". The equipment used while performing an experiment can also produce some errors in the result and therefore, it leads to uncertainity.


In option (d.), we have "Temperature variation". The temperature of a certain city when recorded for the whole day is observed to be non-constant. Also, if we calculate the temperature variation, it is not observed to be non-constant and therefore, it leads to uncertainity.


In option (e.), we have "Climate change". If we study the climate of a particular city or country for a month, we see that generally it varies gradually due to various climatic conditions. The climate change for a city or country is not constant and therefore, it leads to uncertainity.

Some of the leading causes of uncertainity that occur in the real world are:

Information occurred from unreliable sources
Experimental errors
Equipment fault
Temperature variation
Climate change


Therefore, options (a.), (b.), (c.), (d.) and (e.) are the correct answers.

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