Question

Which are various media of spreading the infectious diseases?

Answer 1

Dear student.

Some of the communicable/infectious diseases, their causative organisms, their transmission and control measures are listed below:

Diseases	Causative organisms	Symptoms	Transmission	Control and prevention
Tuberculosis	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Weight loss, cough, fever, chest pain, breathlessness, blood-containing sputum	Droplet infection	BCG vaccine, antibiotics such as streptomycin; quarantining the patient
Diphtheria	Corynebacterium diphtheriae	Sore throat, skin ulcers	Droplet infection	DPT vaccine; quarantining the patient; antitoxins, antibiotic prophylaxis
Whooping cough (pertussis)	Bordetella pertussis	Severe cough with whooping sound, vomiting	Droplet infection	DPT vaccine
Tetanus	Clostridium tetani	Muscular spasms of the mouth and neck regions, convulsions, death due to lack of oxygen	Cuts and open wounds in the skin	DPT vaccine, Tetanus Toxoid injection
Cholera	Vibrio cholerae	Inflammation of the gut, severe diarrhoea, abdominal pain characterised by rice-water stools	Faecal contamination of water and food	Antibiotics such as tetracycline and chloramphenicol; clean water supply, properly disposing wastes
Typhoid	Salmonella typhi	Fever, abdominal pain, diarrhoea, vomiting, headache	Faecal contamination of food and water	Antibiotics such as ampicillin and chloramphenicol
Syphilis	Treponema pallidum	Pinhead or pea-sized sores with red centre around the sex organs	Sexual contact with infected person	Penicillin injection; avoiding sexual contact with infected person
Gonorrhoea	Neisseria gonorrhoeae	Burning sensation during urination, feeling of ill health, fever, headache	Sexual contact with infected person	Antibiotics such as penicillin and streptomycin; avoiding sexual contact with

Regards.