Golgi apparatus is a complex cytoplasmic structure made up of smooth membrane saccules or cisternae, a network of tubules with vesicles and vacuoles, which takes part in membrane transformation, secretion, and production of complex biochemicals. It is surrounded by an organelle-free cytoplasm called a zone of exclusion or Golgi ground substance. Golgi apparatus is absent in prokaryotic cells. It is present in all eukaryotic cells except sieve tubes of plants, sperms of bryophytes and pteridophytes and red blood corpuscles of mammals. The formation of root hair from their mother cells is believed to take place through the agency of Golgi apparatus.